by, with (means or tool)

De also marks the means by which something is done: a vehicle, a tool, a language, or an ingredient. Put the means before de and the action after it. For going on foot, use aruite instead of de.

Examples

• バスで会社かいしゃに行いきます。

  Basu de kaisha ni ikimasu.

  I go to the office by bus.

• 日本語にほんごで話はなしてください。

  Nihongo de hanashite kudasai.

  Please speak in Japanese.

Vocabulary in these examples

• バス bus
• 会社 company
• 行く to go
• 日本語 Japanese language
• 話す to speak; to talk
• くださる to give (honorific)

Related patterns · Particles

• 〜は topic marker (as for ...)
• 〜が subject marker
• 〜を direct object marker
• 〜に（時間） at / on (a specific time)
• 〜に（行き先・相手） to (a destination or a person)
• 〜へ toward, to (direction)